電控氣動(dòng)機(jī)械手設(shè)計(jì)
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- 電控氣動(dòng)機(jī)械手設(shè)計(jì)
摘要
科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為我國(guó)工程技術(shù)的發(fā)展開(kāi)辟了廣闊道路,而機(jī)械手作為一種高科技自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)設(shè)備,已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,這就對(duì)我們的教育培訓(xùn)部門提出了新的要求。因此,為了適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展的形勢(shì),在現(xiàn)有技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)一臺(tái)教學(xué)型機(jī)械手有著深遠(yuǎn)的科教意義。
本課題設(shè)計(jì)的教學(xué)型搬運(yùn)機(jī)械手,主要包括機(jī)械手的總體方案設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)械手的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)以及驅(qū)動(dòng)、控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)等,實(shí)現(xiàn)了機(jī)械手手部的四自由度運(yùn)動(dòng):手臂的升降、伸縮和手腕、手臂的回轉(zhuǎn)。設(shè)計(jì)中分析了教學(xué)型機(jī)械手的功能要求和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,通過(guò)氣壓缸來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)手臂的升降和伸縮,采用回轉(zhuǎn)氣壓缸來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)手腕和手臂的回轉(zhuǎn)。設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)械手結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、便于操作,在單片機(jī)的控制下完成預(yù)期的動(dòng)作,能給學(xué)生以直觀的印象,達(dá)到教學(xué)演示的目的。
關(guān)鍵詞 機(jī)械手;教學(xué)型;四自由度;單片機(jī)
Abstract
Scientific concept of development of engineering technology has opened up a broad road, while the robot as a high-tech automated production equipment, has been widely used in various fields of national economy, which the education and training sector of our proposed new requirements. Therefore, in order to adapt to the situation of social development, based on existing technology to design a teaching type robot science has far-reaching significance.
The subject of design for teaching handling robots, mainly consists of robot's overall design, robot mechanical structure design, as well as drive, control system design, implementation of the manipulator hands of four degrees of freedom: the arm movements, stretching and wrist, arm, rotary. The design of the teaching function of mechanical hand requirements and practical significance, achieved by pneumatic cylinders push the arm movements and stretching,rotary pneumatic cylinders used to achieve arm and wrist rotation.Manipulator design simple, easy to operate, under the control of the MCU to complete the desired action, giving the students a visual impression, to achieve the purpose of teaching demonstration.
Keywords Manipulator Teaching type Four Degrees of Freedom SCM
目 錄
1 緒論 1
1.1 機(jī)械手概述 1
1.2 機(jī)械手的組成和分類 1
1.2.1 機(jī)械手的組成 1
1.2.2 機(jī)械手的分類 4
1.3 國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展?fàn)顩r 5
1.4課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 6
1.5教學(xué)用機(jī)械手的功能要求及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義 6
1.5.1 教學(xué)用機(jī)械手的功能要求 6
1.5.2 教學(xué)用機(jī)械手的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義 7
2 機(jī)械手的設(shè)計(jì)方案 8
2.1 機(jī)械手的座標(biāo)型式與自由度 8
2.1.1 機(jī)械手的坐標(biāo)型式 8
2.1.2 機(jī)械手的自由度 9
2.2 機(jī)械手的手部結(jié)構(gòu)方案設(shè)計(jì) 9
2.3 機(jī)械手的主要參數(shù) 11
2.4 機(jī)械手的技術(shù)參數(shù)列表 11
3 機(jī)械手機(jī)械系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.1 手部結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.1.1 設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)考慮的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題 13
3.1.2手爪夾持裝置的機(jī)構(gòu)選型 13
3.1.3 手部夾緊氣缸的設(shè)計(jì) 15
3.2手腕結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 19
3.2.1 手腕的自由度 19
3.2.2 手腕的驅(qū)動(dòng)力矩的計(jì)算 19
3.3手臂結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 23
3.3.1手臂伸縮與手腕回轉(zhuǎn)部分 23
3.3.2手臂升降和回轉(zhuǎn)部分 26
3.3.3手臂升降氣缸的設(shè)計(jì) 26
3.3.4手臂回轉(zhuǎn)缸體的設(shè)計(jì) 29
4機(jī)械手氣壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 31
4.1氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)工作原理圖 31
4.2氣動(dòng)元件介紹 31
5 機(jī)械手控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 35
5.1 控制系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)分類 35
5.2 控制方式 35
5.3機(jī)械手的控制 36
6 結(jié)論 38
7致謝 39
參考文獻(xiàn) 40 ...